Thank you for your in-depth reply Glen. Please allow me to expand my question and mention my reason for interest.
My Reason for Interest and Concern
I work for a leading British children's charity in England. I specifically support young adults/children who are gender diverse and or intersex. For 4 years I've worked professionally with LGBT+ people in capacities as a fine artist and a mental health/adult social care support worker. I also support adults with disabilities, some of whom are LGBT+. It's merely a fact that LGBT+ people experience discrimination, oppression, bigotry, hate crime and in many cases violence. I enjoy my work immensely.
In those 4 years, I've met many people from all walks of life, who have very interesting and diverse lives and experiences.
I very rarely divulge my work to others, because of the sensitivity of the work I do, boundaries and safeguarding/data protection/privacy.
Mostly however the main reason that I don't divulge this to others, is that most often a debate ensues in which individuals tell me their implicit opinions, biases, through their own emotional filters. Most often this results in having to listen to bigotry, oppression, discrimination, and the person or persons I'm speaking or communicating with failing to understand how their actions can lead others to suffer. Even though I can explain transgender and intersex conditions succinctly with empirical peer-reviewed, globally accepted scientific evidence and research findings - many people are not ready to be challenged, and it simply becomes exhausting. It's not my responsibility to educate others but I can tell them that I find their communication oppressive or discriminatory.
I'm connected with many Freemasons on social media and I encounter some individuals often communicating, for all to see, what I believe to be oppression, discrimination against those who are transgender and or intersex. This makes me feel very uncomfortable and sometimes quite anxious for private reasons - in fact over the last few days, I decided to join forums to read how to demit. But then I contacted a trusted brother privately and we had a short discussion - ultimately I have to remember that there's a higher purpose to our craft and I must not allow the perhaps ignorant opining of a minority to the deter me from my path. As I'm sure you can appreciate, it would be antithetical to my professional boundaries to remain connected to those who would be the cause of the kind of suffering in those I support.
Expanded Questions
Please read the information after the next heading (if you can) before responding to the questions below
I understand that the statement made by UGLE, regarding transgender members of freemasonry, specifically deals with men and women or males and females. However, transgender is not defined as transitioning to the opposite sex or gender - doing so one definition of being transgender but it isn't the only experience for many people. Transgender means the individual does not identify 100% with the gender which would usually be aligned with their sex assigned at birth. Does the UGLE have its own definition of 'transgender' and is it exclusive to only male-female, man-woman?
Does the UGLE base the definition on the GRA (Gender Recognition Act) which isn't the determining evidence that a person is transgender (see Equality Act)?
Under the umbrella of transgender identity, there are binary genders (man-woman, male-female) and non-binary genders. Non-binary simply means the person does not identify 100% with either of the binary genders. Does the UGLE recognize non-binary genders?
Does the UGLE recognize that not all humans are born 100% male or female and that some people have a range of intersex conditions?
Scientific Evidence in Support of my Concerns
Foreward
This forward contains both my professional opinions and history.
There is a present strong current in contemporary society of many people believing and troping that, due to changes in a liberal society, there are now more transgender or intersex people identifying as diverse.
The scientific evidence, however, shows that intersex and transgender people have always existed for many thousands of years, probably hundreds of thousands of years and more - in the past, they were not afforded protection, inclusion, equality and the right to choose terms for how they wished to be addressed and spoken to or of in society. The binary cisgender social construct was so powerful within society historically, it lasted a very long time and people who were diverse have mostly had to conform to that social-cultural norm. Social constructs are powerful things. People for thousands of years believed disease spread through a miasma or from strong odors. Bloodletting was common until the 1920s and people were burned at the stake as heretics for stating the earth was round and not, with the man being, the center of the universe or solar system. This is to illustrate the power of social constructs - even in the light of empirical science.
Because of all the amazing contemporary breakthroughs in brilliant medicine and science, we, who decide to, now understand the divergence of gender and intersex conditions. People have a variance and diverse genetic expression - we are not all the same. This does raise some important theological and philosophical debates.
I have seen communications from individuals stating that there are only two sexes or genders, man-woman-male-female, perhaps evidenced by the XX and XY chromosome and that those identifying otherwise are severely deranged and mentally ill - or that transgender people are mentally ill and deluded. Below I will provide evidence that this is absolutely not the case.
I believe such opinions that being transgender is a mental illness are from the confusion of what Gender Dysphoria/Incongruence is.
Gender Dysphoria/Incongruence (from here on GD/I) was for a long time classed as a mental health condition in the American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic & Statistical Manual (from here on DSM) which is used all over the world for diagnosing mental conditions. An important point is that not all people who are transgender experience GD/I.
However, GD/I is now classed as a Sexual Development Condition (from here on SDD) - it has been removed from the DSM as a mental health disorder.
We can see then that at
NO TIME in recent history has being transgender been classed as a mental illness in and of itself as a gender identity. The former classification in the DSM
only referred to the medical/health condition GD/I.
Intersex - Many people think that intersex people are hermaphrodites, meaning they have sexual organs of the two binary sexes. This isn't the case, most intersex people deem the term hermaphrodite derogatory and offensive and rather than go in-depth, as I will be sharing the information below, intersex is quite mattered of factly a range of conditions - such as differences in hormones, chromosomes, primary and secondary sex characteristics, and brain structure. Sex and gender are closely entwined and for a minority, it's more than a question of being entirely masculine or feminine.
I'm going to share information and scientific findings below with quotes and I'll share the links to the source. Before I do I'd like to finish this forward with some facts about how transgender people were treated by the Nazis. An
Institut für Sexualwissenschaft (translated as Institute of Sex Research, Institute of Sexology, Institute for Sexology or Institute for the Science of Sexuality) was founded in Berlin in 1919. For 2 decades it became the most advanced pioneering research center, for the science of LGBT people, in the world. The first also. Groundbreaking research science was being conducted at the institute. However, it's culture did not align with the fascist ideology of Nazi Germany. 'On 6 May 1933, while Hirschfeld was in
Ascona, Switzerland, the Deutsche Studentenschaft made an organized attack on the Institute of Sex Research. A few days later, the Institute's library and archives were publicly hauled out and burned in the streets of the Pernplatz. Around 20,000 books and journals, and 5,000 images, were destroyed. Also seized were the Institute's extensive lists of names and addresses' (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_für_Sexualwissenschaft#Nazi_era).
Transgender and intersex people in Nazi Germany were rounded up, sent to forced labor camps to be worked to death, or were exterminated, some were used as sex slaves until they died. This is what can happen in a regime or ignorant society which removes the equality, inclusion, rights, and protections for transgender and intersex people - still, today in many parts of the world where these people do not have protection, intersex and transgender people are at great risk of violence and murder with many intersex babies with visual signs of differences of their sex organs - being killed at birth.
Evidence that there are more than 2 sexes (albeit in a minority) and that this can lead to a variance of gender experiences
Source:
https://www.who.int/genomics/gender/en/index1.html for further reading please go to the source.
"
Genetic Components of Sex and Gender - Humans are born with 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs. The X and Y chromosomes determine a person’s sex. Most women are 46XX and most men are 46XY. Research suggests, however, that in a few births per thousand some individuals will be born with a single-sex chromosome (45X or 45Y) (sex monosomies) and some with three or more sex chromosomes (47XXX, 47XYY or 47XXY, etc.) (sex polysomies). In addition, some males are born 46XX due to the translocation of a tiny section of the sex-determining region of the Y chromosome. Similarly, some females are also born 46XY due to mutations in the Y chromosome. Clearly, there are not only females who are XX and males who are XY, but rather, there is a range of chromosome complements, hormone balances, and phenotypic variations that determine sex.
The biological differences between men and women result from two processes: sex determination and differentiation. (3) The biological process of sex determination controls whether the male or female sexual differentiation pathway will be followed. The process of biological sex differentiation (development of a given sex) involves many genetically regulated, hierarchical developmental steps. More than 95% of the Y chromosome is male-specific (4) and a single copy of the Y chromosome is able to induce testicular differentiation of the embryonic gonad. The Y chromosome acts as a dominant inducer of male phenotype and individuals having four X chromosomes and one Y chromosome (49XXXXY) are phenotypically male. (5) When a Y chromosome is present, early embryonic testes develop around the 10th week of pregnancy. In the absence of both a Y chromosome and the influence of a testis-determining factor (TDF), ovaries develop.
Gender, typically described in terms of masculinity and femininity, is a social construction that varies across different cultures and over time. (6) There are a number of cultures, for example, in which greater gender diversity exists and sex and gender are not always neatly divided along binary lines such as male and female or homosexual and heterosexual. The Berdache in North America, the fa’afafine (Samoan for “the way of a woman”) in the Pacific, and the kathoey in Thailand are all examples of different gender categories that differ from the traditional Western division of people into males and females. Further, among certain North American native communities, gender is seen more in terms of a continuum than categories, with special acknowledgment of “two-spirited” people who encompass both masculine and feminine qualities and characteristics. It is apparent, then, those different cultures have taken different approaches to creating gender distinctions, with more or less recognition of fluidity and complexity of gender."
Gender Dysphoria/Incongruence no longer recognized as a mental health disorder.
Source:
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-48448804
"Transgender health issues will no longer be classified as mental and behavioral disorders under big changes to the World Health Organization's global manual of diagnoses. The newly-approved version instead places issues of gender incongruence under a chapter on sexual health. A World Health Organization expert said it now understands transgender is "not actually a mental health condition".
Human Rights Watch says the change will have a "liberating effect worldwide". In the latest manual, called the ICD-11, gender incongruence is defined as a marked and persistent incongruence between a person's experienced gender and assigned sex. In the previous version - ICD-10 - this was considered a gender identity disorder, in the chapter entitled mental and behavioral disorders. Dr. Lale Say, a reproductive health expert at the World Health Organization, said: "It was taken out from mental health disorders because we had a better understanding that this was not actually a mental health condition, and leaving it there was causing stigma.
"So in order to reduce the stigma, while also ensuring access to necessary health interventions, this was placed in a different chapter."
Commenting on the revisions, Graeme Reid, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender rights director at campaign group Human Rights Watch, said the changes would have a "liberating effect on transgender people worldwide". He added: "Governments should swiftly reform national medical systems and laws that require this now officially outdated diagnosis.""
What does transgender mean - including non-binary (gender non conforming) information?
Source:
https://www.apa.org/topics/lgbt/transgender
"According to the APA Style guide, the term “transsexual” is largely outdated, but some people identify with it; this term should be used only for an individual who specifically claims it. While the term “transsexual” appears multiple times throughout this document, APA’s Committee on Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity is undertaking a systematic review of its use along with other terms. In the meantime, please refer to the
Guidelines for Psychological Practice with Transgender and Gender Nonconforming People (PDF, 472KB) for more up-to-date language regarding transgender and gender-nonconforming people.
Transgender is an umbrella term for persons whose gender identity, gender expression or behavior does not conform to that typically associated with the sex to which they were assigned at birth.
Gender identity refers to a person’s internal sense of being male, female
or something else; gender expression refers to the way a person communicates gender identity to others through behavior, clothing, hairstyles, voice or body characteristics. “Trans” is sometimes used as shorthand for “transgender.” While transgender is generally a good term to use, not everyone whose appearance or behavior is gender-nonconforming will identify as a transgender person. The ways that transgender people are talked about in popular culture, academia, and science are constantly changing, particularly as individuals’ awareness, knowledge, and openness about transgender people and their experiences grow."
Only two sex forms but multiple gender variants: How to explain?
Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5824932/
"In conclusion: In this paper, I advanced the physiology-based view that
there are probably as many different gender variants as there are sexually reproducing individuals, and this not only in humans. Hence, there is no need to make subcategories in the gender variants with the purpose to install a moral hierarchy as they are all
physiologically equal. This does not mean that all gender variants contribute equally well to the well-being of the whole population. I hope that growing awareness that the Ca2+- homeostasis system which is a key signaling system in all eukaryotes, acts as one of the cornerstones on which gender is based, may contribute to a better acceptance of the variability of in gender forms as a natural, largely genetic (inborn) system."
I look forward to an answer to the questions.
END
Thank you for reading.